‘Who is zooming who’? A study of young PE-students in their figurations     

Stine Frydendal Nielsen  Lone Friis Thing 《Sport, Education and Society》2019,24(5):480-490

The article presents an analysis of 93 essays written in an upper secondary school context. The essays were collected in relation to a larger research project, which went on for 5 years in a Danish upper secondary school (2010–2015). The material represents both genders and the students are 15–17 years old. We deploy a theoretical framework taken from Norbert Elias’ notion on established-outsider relations [Elias, N., &; Scotson, J. L. (1994 [1965]). The established and the outsiders. London: SAGE] as well as his use of personal pronouns [Elias, N. (1978). What is sociology? London: Hutchinson, Elias, N. (2001). The society of individuals. New York: The Continuum International Publishing Group] in illustrating how people negotiate, position and navigate within figurational contexts [Elias, N. (1994 [1939]). The civilizing proces. Oxford: Blackwell.]. We do this in an effort to interpret how young people negotiate ‘we-I-relations’ when it comes to their sporting identity. Elias’ processual framework provides a tool for a much needed analysis of how young people continually orientate and develop their sense of selves. The web of human interdependencies and processes of change are key words when it comes to understanding the social practices and doings of the students’ constructions of self-steering. What social scientists may see as laziness and drop-outs of sports [Seippel, Ø. (2016). Prek, vekker og kjedelig? Trening og mening blant ungdom: 1985–2013. In Ø. Seippel, M. K. Sisjord, &; Å Strandbu (Eds.), Ungdom og Idrett. Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk] can in the essays of students be analysed as a struggle for group connectedness and social inclusion in the classroom. The results of our research show that identity is a multiple concept and an ongoing process of emotional work [Elias, N. (1987). On human beings and their emotions: A process-sociological essay. Theory Culture Society, 4, 339–361], but also a power balance of playing and presenting what is imagined as the right performance as not being shamed as outcasts.  相似文献   

美国体育小镇的运行机制及其对中国的启示     

王峰  郑国华  陈宁 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(4):26-33

体育是美国人生活中不可或缺的一部分，发达的体育文化为美国小镇体育的繁荣奠定了基础。研究以美国体育小镇为对象，运用文献资料、实地考察、逻辑分析及ArcGIS地理信息绘图等方法和技术对美国体育小镇进行了研究。结果表明：美国体育小镇的布局属非均匀化发展，存在东强西弱，南强北弱的特点且表现出"马太效应"。进而从社会学的角度分析了美国体育小镇运行的外部环境和内在动力机制，并以典型案例对体育小镇运行特点进行了剖析。建议我国体育小镇的建设应从目标引领、政策驱动、环境支持、形成正反馈循环和塑造灵魂等方面思考以推动体育小镇的建设。  相似文献   

From the body to the city: participatory action research with social cartography for transformative education and global citizenship     

Monique Leivas 《Educational Action Research》2019,27(1):40-56

ABSTRACT

In times of globalization we are facing a crisis of care. The invisibility of relations of domination and oppression against nature, women and girls, as well as the elderly, generate inequalities and structural problems that increase the unsustainability of life on the planet. The uncertainty towards the future, generated by climate change, pollution and scarcity of water resources, is leading us towards war or revolution – a revolution that requires the involvement of the new generations to transform reality and confront contemporary problems. In this sense, it is necessary to educate, raise awareness and empower girls and boys in citizen participation, in overcoming gender inequalities and in the development of fairer and more sustainable practices and behaviours. The participatory action-research experience with social cartography ‘From the Body to the City’, promoted by the Institute of Innovation and Knowledge Management – INGENIO (CSIC-UPV) in collaboration with the primary school CEIP Vicente Gaos of Valencia (Spain), developed together with the students of 4th primary grade, intended to reflect and act collectively on our territories from the principles of transformative education and global citizenship.  相似文献   

颠覆性技术识别方法发展现状及启示     

苏鹏  苏成  潘云涛 《图书情报工作》2019,63(20):129-138

[目的/意义]颠覆性技术能变革传统生产模式和消费结构，使产业格局巨变。识别潜在颠覆性技术有助于抢占科技制高点，在科技竞争中取得先发优势。[方法/过程]通过主题检索和引文回溯搜集文献，梳理颠覆性技术现阶段的主要识别方法。[结果/结论]发现方法的选择与研究人员学科背景密切相关，根据研究人员的主要研究领域，将其划分为图书情报、工程管理、经济研究和Christansen流派4类识别方法。在此基础上对识别方法进行7个维度的比较，指出现有方法存在3个问题：过度依赖专家评价、识别标准针对性不足和超前识别效果不佳，其中识别标准针对性不足是核心问题。鉴于此，在后续研究中应当从多种角度不断探究和完善技术颠覆潜力的评价方法。  相似文献   

News You Can Use or News That Moves?     

Lauren Kogen 《Journalism Practice》2019,13(1):1-15

This study investigates how journalists covering international humanitarian crises make decisions regarding what types of information to include in stories. Specifically, the inclusion/exclusion of solutions-oriented information is addressed, since crises represent a key time during which the potential for international engagement is discussed in the mainstream media. Interviews with journalists covering hunger crises in Africa reveal an internal tension between maintaining a neutral, unbiased position and writing in a way that supports engagement and action. Ironically, perhaps, journalists find that including solutions-oriented information amounts to unethical and biased coverage, despite the fact that inclusion of solutions to social problems is an accepted and institutionalized aspect of the US news media’s mandate to the public. Reasons for this seeming contradiction are discussed, and I argue that solutions-oriented information not only can be included without demonstrating bias, but that it ought to be included to support ethical coverage that properly informs citizens about potential paths for political engagement.  相似文献   

Social network data to alleviate cold-start in recommender system: A systematic review     

Lesly Alejandra Gonzalez Camacho  Solange Nice Alves-Souza 《Information processing & management》2018,54(4):529-544

Recommender Systems are currently highly relevant for helping users deal with the information overload they suffer from the large volume of data on the web, and automatically suggest the most appropriate items that meet users needs. However, in cases in which a user is new to Recommender System, the system cannot recommend items that are relevant to her/him because of lack of previous information about the user and/or the user-item rating history that helps to determine the users preferences. This problem is known as cold-start, which remains open because it does not have a final solution. Social networks have been employed as a good source of information to determine users preferences to mitigate the cold-start problem. This paper presents the results of a Systematic Literature Review on Collaborative Filtering-based Recommender System that uses social network data to mitigate the cold-start problem. This Systematic Literature Review compiled the papers published between 2011–2017, to select the most recent studies in the area. Each selected paper was evaluated and classified according to the depth which social networks used to mitigate the cold-start problem. The final results show that there are several publications that use the information of the social networks within the Recommender System; however, few research papers currently use this data to mitigate the cold-start problem.  相似文献   

Examining the influence of grip type on wrist and club head kinematics during the golf swing: Benefits of a local co-ordinate system     

Howie J. Carson  Jim Richards  Bruno Mazuquin 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(3):327-335

Wrist movements have been identified as an important factor in producing a successful golf swing, with their complex motion influencing both club head velocity and orientation. However, a detailed analysis of wrist angles is lacking in the literature. The purpose of this study was to determine kinematics across wrists and club head characteristics during the golf swing under weak, neutral and strong grip conditions. Twelve professional male golfers executed 24 shots using a driver under three grip conditions. A six degrees of freedom analysis of the hand with respect to the distal forearm was performed using a 10-camera three-dimensional motion capture system. Differences in joint angles were explored using repeated measures ANOVAs at key swing events (onset, top of backswing and impact), in addition club head velocity and clubface angle at impact were also explored. Main findings revealed significant differences in flexion/extension and internal/external rotation for both wrists at all swing events, whereas fewer significant interactions were found in ulnar/radial deviation across grips for both wrists at all events. Clubface angle only differed significantly between the weak and the strong and neural grips, presenting a more ‘open’ clubface to the intended hitting direction. This study is the first to explore tri-planar wrist movement and the effect of different grips, such analysis has implications for coaching knowledge and practice and should inform future research into different aspects of skill, technique analysis and may inform injury mechanisms/prevention.  相似文献   

Humility & Humiliation: The Transformation of Franciscan Humour,c.1210–1310     

Peter J. A. Jones 《Cultural and Social History》2018,15(2):155-175

Humiliation and self-ridicule worked as surprisingly important tools of evangelical outreach in the first decades of the Franciscan Order (c.1210–50). According to early Franciscan texts such as the Assisi Compilation (c.1240s) and Jordan of Giano’s Chronica (c.1260), St Francis and his earliest followers sought to win supporters by stripping naked in public, mocking learned preachers and ludicrously imitating animals. Yet within a few decades of the founder’s death this type of humour had been erased from Franciscan texts. Chronicles now omitted references to Francis’s laughter, while humiliating behaviour came to be condemned by Franciscan preachers, chroniclers and theologians alike. From being a means of undermining dignity and reason, joking was now instead celebrated as a tool of upholding these very same values. Describing the nature of this shift, and contextualising it within the evolving institutional priorities of the Franciscans under the leadership of Bonaventure (d.1274), this article will complicate debates about the development of medieval humour, while also reflecting on laughter’s role as a means of resistance to the significant social and cultural upheavals of the 1200s.  相似文献   

Subjective well-being in cultural advocacy: a politics of research between the market and the academy     

Susan Oman  Mark Taylor 《Journal of Cultural Economy》2018,11(3):225-243

This paper responds to a trend of contracting out subjective well-being econometrics to demonstrate social return on investment (SROI) for evidence-based policy-making. We discuss an evolving ecology of ‘external’ research taking place ‘between’ the academy and commercial consultancy. We then contextualise this as waves of research methodologies and consultancy for the cultural sector. The new model of ‘external between’ consultancy research for policy is not only placed between the University and the market, but also facilitates discourse between policy sectors, government, the media and the academy. Specifically, it enables seductive but selective arguments for advocacy that claim authority through academic affiliation, yet are not evaluated for robustness. To critically engage with an emergent form of what Stone calls ‘causal stories’, we replicate a publicly funded externally commissioned SROI model that argues for the value of cultural activities to well-being. We find that the author’s operationalisation of participation and well-being are crucial, yet their representation of the relationship problematic, and their estimates questionable. This case study ‘re-performs’ econometric modelling national-level survey data for the cultural sector to reveal practices that create norms of expertise for policy-making that are not rigorous. We conclude that fluid claims to authority allow experimental econometric models and measures to perform across the cultural economy as if ratified. This new model of advocacy research requires closer academic consideration given the changing research funding structures and recent attention to expertise and the contracting out of public services.  相似文献   

红袖不止添香——女性在浙江私家藏书史上的作用探析     

单骅 《山东图书馆季刊》2020,(2):92-95,106

在浙江私家藏书史上,有关女性藏书的记载不多。但在男性藏书家一统天下的背后,却有不少优秀的女性。本文旨在对这些优秀的女性进行收集和梳理,并对她们在这段辉煌历史中所发挥的作用,进行较深入地分析与探讨。  相似文献